Media Violence Essay Example for Free

Media Violence Essay Television has been considered as part of entertainment of the society. Mass media has been recognized as the giver and provider of the information needed by the public. These two terms have too many influences and greatly affects the lives of the people in the society which make them important elements in this post modern world. From gaining knowledge to entertainment, media has been having the reputation of providing all the information needed by the public. However, the society also points out the mass media as the greatest influence of aggressive behavior of the viewers. Through the movies and television shows that are being released by the media, people learn to conform and adopt the attitudes that are portrayed by the characters. The constant changing society has challenge the culture and values of the people around the world. The popular culture has been very influential making the society conform to the new trends. However, there are some factors in the society that are not changing regardless of the transparency of its effects. In other words, these are the aspects that affect the lives of the people negatively but still considered as adequate because of the acceptance of the mainstream. Media violence is one of the negative elements of the society but still existing despite the evident effects to the people. The Viewers and the Media Violence The behavior of the person shows the kind of television program he or she watches (Science Daily). Apparently, media violence does not affect only those who already understand the language and actions of a certain movie or television show. In fact, even the toddlers are being affected by these aggressive behaviors on screen. The people learn based on what they could see in their environment. Undeniably, mass media is one of the most influential factors that is present in this post modern world. The values that people adapt from their surroundings help in developing their personalities as they grow older. Since media has been the easiest tool in gaining information, it has also become an instrument to learn and adapt the culture of the society. The children that are just starting to learn in the society is being trained and influenced by the behaviors that are being portrayed in movies and television programs. Everyday, a home is being penetrated not only by thousands of advertisers that persuade every member of the family to buy a certain product. In fact, the television serves as the bridge of the people to the fictional world that are perfectly created by the mass media. Thousands of scenes from television shows and advertisements are being portrayed and most of them are adopted influencing the mind and personality of an individual. Countless murders and other acts of violence are shown making the audience feel the danger present outside their homes. The martial arts battle, shootings, knifings, fistfights, and exploding cars are just few of the scenes that can be watched on movies or television shows. These acts of violence are usually done by the heroes and villains who often serve as the role models for the young adults in the society (Freedman 4). The aggressive behaviors that the children often see on screen are committed by the live actors or even animated figures that appear in the best movies as well as the worst. On the other hand, the existence of violence in the society has not created by the media themselves. In fact violence has been in the society even before television was invented, movie houses were constructed, and video games were released. Aggression is a nature of man and it has been present even before the technology enter the scene. The public has been blaming the media for the aggression that their shows cause to the people especially to children; however, the media has been firm on telling that their aggressive shows represent the violence of the society. This issue has been at the heart of debate in the society. The presence of media relies on the elements of the society while the society relies on the information that are being offered by the mass media. Effects of Media Violence As the child becomes older, he or she is being accustomed with the information available in his or her surroundings. The internet, television shows, video games, and advertising are the sources of information of children nowadays (Wintour). The presence of media has undeniably influenced the young adults as they grow up to be mature individuals. The aggressive behaviors that they can see on television, movies, or even video games are being adapted and accepted to their own construction of reality. The child learns to hit his playmate when he gets mad, throw things when he is irritated, and shout when somebody did not pay attention to him. These are all examples of aggressive behaviors which may appear to be simple and normal attitude of a child. Oftentimes, the society fails to notice these simple behaviors as a problem that needs to be solved before it gets worse. The video games that are sold in the market with a goal to teach children to stand diversity has undeniably created an impression that it would enhance the knowledge of the young adults in technology and eliminated the idea that this would trigger the aggressive behavior of the player. The children will play as the main character that is given a task to protect a territory and kill the animated figures that would hinder him to win the game. The concept of this game sets the mind of the young players to fight with the use of guns and knives (O’Hehir) Frequently, learning to behave aggressively is the tested effect of media violence. This effect is also referred to as instigation of aggressive impulses, disinhibition of socialization against aggressive behavior and imitation of violence (Potter, 25). The child may not show an aggressive behavior after watching series of violent shows but the child would definitely think that aggression is acceptable in the society. Moreover, the child may not imitate the actions that were portrayed by the media, but the scenes may create fear to the young minds of the viewers. Since the information on media sources are the most accessible source of knowledge, the viewers may accustomed them and accept them as part of reality. Media violence produces short-term increases by priming existing aggressive scripts and cognitions, increasing physiological arousal, and triggering an automatic tendency to imitate observed behaviors. Media violence produces long-term effects via several types of learning processes leading to the acquisition of lasting (and automatically accessible) aggressive scripts, interpretational schemas, and aggression-supporting beliefs about social behavior, and by reducing individuals normal negative emotional responses to violence (Anderson et al. 81). Apparently, mass media gives all the necessary information that the people need in order to function well in the society. The media may represent the events that often occur in the society but those should not also be the basis of the messages that are being conveyed to the audience. The real events are filmed and added with more spices to make the viewers buy what the media has prepared for them. Although aggression is long associated to human, there are still factors in the society that provoke people to behave aggressively. Mass media sells products to the public. These products do not consist only of the consumer goods that the society needs in order to survive. The television programs that are being shown to the public are products of mass media that the society willingly buys. Unquestionably, the media is an influential and powerful tool to make the society a better place; however, mass media sources have been very consistent in telling only the truth to their customers. The element of the society that should help the people to lessen the societal problems become an instrument to pass the negative aspects of the society from generation to generation. However, the people can still select the products carefully. Buying violent products is telling the media to produce more (Edgar 59). The society needs to be wiser in selecting the program that would portray less aggression and help the people to participate more on salient topic in the society rather than the fiction stories that affect negatively to the lives of the viewers. Works Cited Craig A. Anderson, Leonard Berkowitz, Edward Donnerstein, L. Rowell Huesmann, James D. Johnson, Daniel Linz, Neil M. Malamuth, Ellen Wartella. The influence of media violence on youth. Psychological Science in the Public Interest. USA: Association for Psychological Science. 2004. Volume 4 Issue 3 pp. 81-110 Edgar, Kathleen. Everything you need to know about media violence. New York: The Rosen Publishing Group, 2000 Freedman, Jonathan L. Media Violence and Its Effect on Aggression: Assessing the Scientific Evidence. Canada: University of Toronto Press, 2002 O’Hehir, Andrew. The Myth of Media Violence. March 17, 2005. Daily Newsletter. 11 March 2009. http://dir. salon. com/story/books/feature/2005/03/17/media/index. html Potter, James W. On Media Violence. USA: SAGE, 1999 Rutgers University. Media Violence Cited As Critical Risk Factor For Aggression. ScienceDaily 20 November 2008. 11 March 2009 http://www. sciencedaily. com ¬ /releases/2008/11/081119122632. htm. Wintour, Patrick. 5 September 2007. The Guardian. 11 March 2009 http://www. guardian. co. uk/politics/2007/sep/05/uk. media

Building And Keeping A Continental Empire :: essays research papers

There are five key ingredients in building a continental empire. A strong continental empire must be able to up-hold these five key things to survive. These five all important things are a strong central government; foreign policy, to deal with other countries; manifest destiny, to deal with matters of land; infrastructure, which deals with state business, transportation, and financial matters; and the ability to solve internal problems such as social, economic, and political problems. America is a continental empire and runs itself using these five things. The most important of these is probably the strong central government. A strong central government insures that the government will be able to run smoothly in a time of crisis and have the capability to make sound decisions that will benefit the American populace. Foreign policy was developed so that America would know where it stood when it came to dealing with other countries. It was important that America dealt with international problems in a uniform manner. Manifest destiny deals with the issue of how America and Americans will acquire land. Infrastructure is America working together. America depends on many things to keep it running, when these things cross paths we develop an infrastructure. America must solve internal problems all of the time. What these problems are and how we solve them is what shapes America. America slowly began to build a continental empire.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In order to achieve the five things needed to create a continental empire America had to start slow. They first had to gain the trust of their people and settle the differences between them. This trust was partly gained by heroes of the Revolutionary War becoming politicians. An example of this was George Washington. He led troops into battle during the war and then became president. American people found it very difficult to start a rebellion or disagree with someone that had led them to victory against Britain. With George at the helm of America we were well on our way to developing a continental empire. This trust in America was secured by actions. Our government kept making the people happy by writing a bill of rights and a constitution that gave Americans the freedom that they had wanted when they went to war with Britain. The people wanted rights that they felt were fair and necessary to their existence. The government outlined these rights in the Bill of Rights. The people agreed with them. The constitution outlined rules to form a more perfect Union. Americans excepted the contents of the Constitution and began to build their lives around it.

Educating Slum Children

There are colours and vibrancies in the world of children. Their activities are full of energies and attract attention of others. The mischiefs, dream world, away from worries are very dear memories of childhood that have lasting impact on one’s life. Such happiness doesn’t play its part for some children. Slum children have to face the life’s hardships during early age. These children are compelled to work and have to struggle for their existence. They are easily manipulated because of their docile nature. The plight of slum children is they are forced to do work i. e. to act as slaves, picked up for domestic help, involved in hazardous work, trafficked and even compelled to be part of illegal transactions. For survival they are put into shameless act such as pornography and prostitution. These tortures at an early age not only affect their mental and physical health but they are even exposed to harmful disease such as HIV AIDS. Slum children appearances are deformed, and are enforced to beg to earn for their survival. Cruelties faced during tender years affect their natural growth and they become indifferent towards life. Government and local bodies are running many programmes to raise the status of such children but its outcomes are very less. There is need to do lot of work. To educate slum children many educational institutions and NGOs have shown interest. These institutes face lot of problems in educating slum children and also to cut down the dropout rates. Present requirement is to not only to make the education interesting but also to give basic skills training required for earning. Right to education is now the basic right, according to Article 29 of Indian Constitution. An education cannot be denied to child on caste or creed basis or due to lack of funds. Studies are done by government organisations and NGOs to know the cause of unwillingness towards education and high dropouts from schools by slum children. The studies show that parent’s ignorance and discouragement towards education, fight to meet their basic ends meet and children helping hand in running the household of lower socio income group act as a catalyst in not joining educational process. These people face discrimination of the society which discourages them to be a part of growth factor of society. Various innovative ideas and creative approach developed by government, NGOs, and educational institutions are streamlined to bring about these slum children as an enterprising people. The meaning of education is not only to make them accustomed to 3 R’s but also to give training in basic skills needed for earning a living. Computer education is also provided to prepare them to stand high with the fierce competition of the world. NGO’s and educational institutions assist the slum children in getting enrolled with nearby government schools and help in giving tuitions to cope up with school work. Schools are even run on wheels i. e. mobile schools to educate slum children in various states â€Å"Education for all† is the movement which is spreading with the help of media to educate deprived children. This has inspired lot of citizens to work for the good cause. Right direction is required to trace the slum children potentials.

Global Citizenship - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 797 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/04/12 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Citizenship Essay Did you like this example? The conflict between the Muslim and Christian communities within Egypt is probably not new news to the average American. According to a Breitbart news article, Egypt is home to the largest Christian community in the Middle East. Officially about ten percent of the ninety-five million population are Christian, although many believe the figure is significantly higher (Kent 2018). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Global Citizenship" essay for you Create order As a matter of fact, Coptic Christians are the largest religious minority in Egypt. It is because there is no exact distinction that is believed, that there is either a continuous hidden or public conflict of interest. More specifically, the attacks on Coptic Christian communities in Egypt. For reference, the Christian Coptic Orthodox Church of Egypt is based on the teachings of Saint Mark who brought Christianity to Egypt during the reign of the Roman emperor Nero in the first century (The Coptic Network 2006). The reason this was brought up was to offer incite to the beliefs of those who are being discussed. Being a religious minority, Coptic Christians are often persecuted as well as being repeated victims of attacks on their place of worship. Unfortunately they have also been known to suffer marginalization as well blame from the State. The suffering and persecution of the Coptic Christians in Egypt does not stop in their history, many of these actions occur today. A prime example from an ABC news article would be that they are frequently openly discriminated against or lynched, and the predominantly Muslim Government is subsequently criticized for turning a blind eye to their plight (Viney 2017). They are even withheld from reasonable requests such as permission to build places of worship. An example of a more specific case would be two church bombings near Easter of 2017 killing 49 people. That does not even include the fifteen plus girls who were forced to marry Muslims and convert to Islam or be killed after they were kidnapped in 2017. So, that the problems have been stated, what are some of the causes? Well, The Guardian reports that 128 Christians were killed in Egypt for their faith and more than 200 were driven out of their homes in 2017. It attributed the rise in persecution to the overspill of Islamic terrorists driven out of Iraq and Syria (Sherwood 2018). Based on the reasoning of this entry, one can believe that the recent increases in attacks on Coptic Christians could be based on the inflow of Islamic extremists from Iraq and Syria. With the problems and causes have been covered, one may ask themselves what can I do as a global citizen to help? Well, there are plenty of things that one can do to help the relief effort. As an individual, one can fund support groups to aid in religious oppression relief organizations. There are multiple organizations raising money to aid in the relief of those directly impacted by these attacks, an example would be fondly.com with their Support the Coptic Christians in Egypt fund. If funding is not a very enticing option, there are mission trips that are offered both nationally and internationally to actively offer support to those who are in need. Mission trips are definitely a great way to have a personal investment in the service that you provide. If traveling is on the mind, what better way to see the world than to help those with a personal face-to-face connection. If financial support or personal involvement is an intangible reality for some, there are still options to help out the cause. Offering public support and raising awareness is one of the many great tools one can use to be an involved global citizen as well as to help be a part of the solution. Ignorance is one of the biggest problems facing us as global citizens today. That is why we need to spread the word of what is going on around the world that we share. No one is expected to fund absolutely every, and all organizations because no one can feasibly be capable of doing that. However, that does not mean that there arent plenty of people who have a personal connection with one issue or another. That is why we need to spread the knowledge of this major issue, so that those who are personally compelled, those who are closely related are able to know what is going on. It is very hard to do something about a problem that one cares about if no intel has been provided to make the problem k nown. That is why it is our duty as global citizens to spread the word and make these injustices widely known so that change can be implemented. Works Cited https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-04-10/who-are-egypts-copts/8429634 https://www.breitbart.com/middle-east/2018/09/02/muslim-extremists-attack-coptic-christian-homes-in-egypt/ https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/jan/10/christians-egypt-unprecedented-persecution-report https://www.coptic.net/EncyclopediaCoptica/

Study - 1102 Words

Muslim Reformist Movements:Mujadad Alf Sani Sheikh Ahmad Sirhindi Brief Life History Birth 26th June 1564, Sirhind in East Punajb. Named Ahmed and title was Badr-ul-Dir S/o Sheikh Abdul Ahad uptio Hazrat Umer Farooq Read Quran, Hadith and Fiqh from father and Maulana Kamal and Maulana Yaqub Kashmiri Journey to Agra and met with Fazl and Faizi Journey to Delhi and met with Hazrat Khawaja Baqi Billah Bairang Died in 10th December 1624 in Sirhin Quotation Hazrat Khwaja Baqi Billah predicted â€Å"Sheikh Ahmad is such a light which will illuminate the whole world† Service to Islam Origin of Concept of Wahdatul Shahood against Mohayyudin Ibn-e-Arabi’s concept Efforts against Bhakti Movement and Deen-e-Ilahi The Bhakti movement†¦show more content†¦Bhakti Movement The history of the movement goes back to the time of great reformer Shankracharya who gave Hinduism a solid philosophical background. But the movement became popular in the middle ages. Chaitanya led the movement in the east( modern Uttar Pradesh), Tuka Ram, Nam Dev and Tirlochan in the Central India, Sadna, Pipa, Mirabai, Tulsi Das and above all Kabir were its leaders in the north. Kabir’s teachings had great influence in the Punjab, but actually the movement in the Punjab was led by Guru Nanak and his nine successors. The message of love and devotion to god was spread among the people of the Punjab for ten generations. This intense and organized propaganda of the Bhakti cult by the Sikh Gurus led to the foundation of a community of Bhaktas known as the Sikhs. Quotation â€Å"To consider Ram and Rehman as one is stupidity because creator cannot be one with its creation† Reformation Efforts Transfer of Kingdom to Prince Saleem (Jehangir) Connection with Dignitaries specially with Ameer Nawab Jahan Khan â€Å"You can add the abiding by of Shariat in your services and do the work of prophets which will exalt the religion. Begars like us cannot reach anywhere near you even if we try for yers with our lives† Imprisonment by Jehangir in Gwaliar for one year but later recdeived Khilat-e-Fakhira and 1000 rupess Promotion of Naqshbandia Chain Reformin Scholars and MysticsShow MoreRelatedCase Studies : A Case Study Approach Essay1157 Words   |  5 PagesA case study is a specific instance that is frequently designed to illustrate a more general principle (Nisbet and Watt, 1984). Hitchock and Hughes (1995) further suggest that the case study approach is particularly valuable when the researcher has little control over evens. Case studies strives to portray ‘what it like’ to be a particular situation, to catch up reality and ‘thick description’ (Geertz, 1973) of participants’ lives experiences of, thoughts about and feelings for a situation. TheyRead MoreStudy Habits854 Words   |  4 Pagesyear level of students in school becomes higher, their study habits differ from time to time. 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The Cost Of College Education - 857 Words

Bernie Sanders, senator of the state of Vermont said, â€Å"The cost of college education today is so high that many young people are giving up their dream of going to college, while many others are graduating deeply in debt† (â€Å"Brainy Quote†). Each year students take out loans to pay for a college education. Is it really necessary? They are just going to be a statistic. I believe everyone should not go to college. College is not for everyone. I believe everyone should not go to college. Not everyone should go to college. Most jobs do not need a college degree to be hired. The more work experience you have the more you will earn. Many students are forced to go to college, many just want to stay home and work. When students go to college, they go to have a career. When students graduate from college they get a job. Robert Reich, chancellor’s professor of public policy at UC-Berkeley, wrote an article about why college isn’t for everyone. Reich stated, Last year, according to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 46 percent of recent college graduates were in jobs that don’t even require a college degree.† This means that students do not choose what to study. They study because they just want to continue school. Getting a bachelor s degree in anything can help but most jobs or careers are looking for work experience of any kind. College does not give you work experience. The student debt is rising higher each year. When students do not have enough money to go pay for college,Show MoreRelatedThe Cost Of College Education1362 Words   |  6 Pages In fact, what if I told you that a post secondary education can be of no cost to you or your parents, meaning no high interest rates, or additional fees to pay back. All you need is the desire to better your circumstances. No loan applications and debt required! Well, I wish that had been offered this proposition before graduating high school, and not worry about whether or not my parents could afford to send me to a traditional 4-year college. We are all currently sitting in this classroom to satisfyRead MoreThe Cost Of A College Education1265 Words   |  6 PagesIt is obvious to anyone who looks that the cost of a college education is rising at an alarming rate. Increased tuitions, decreased government funding, and increased institutional debt contribute to a $1 trillion student debt crises. These factor s, along with critical mismanagement of funds on the part of Universities create an environment where education has risen at more than twice the rate of inflation. By examining educational institutions finances, we can begin to understand the problem, andRead MoreThe Cost Of A College Education764 Words   |  4 Pages Often students don’t believe they can afford college. 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General assumption of not making it to college and still making it in life has now become a wise saying for desperate people who have decided to chase money but not a career. A recent s tudy emphasized that one can eventually make it without going to college but how many people do makeRead MoreIs A College Education Worth The Cost?1283 Words   |  6 PagesIs a College Education Worth the Cost? Have you ever just stopped to think about what it must be like to be â€Å"qualified† for a job yet be unemployed and homeless? Starving on the streets because you paid everything you had to an institution that was supposed to guarantee a better life, a more stable and successful career. Obviously this is an extreme case, not everyone who pays for college ends up living on the streets and broke, but almost every college graduate is in debt. For as long as collegeRead MoreCollege Education Worth The Cost960 Words   |  4 Pages College Education Worth the Cost What you guys think does College Education Worth the Cost? In the article â€Å"The Wall Street Journal† edited by Riley, she said that a college education does not worth the cost. Again, she claims that most of the colleges are doing their business, they did not care about the student (Riley). Those types of colleges have lack serious core curriculum, they did not know their responsibility towards the student. Moreover, I willRead MoreCollege Education Is Worth The Cost846 Words   |  4 PagesMany recent college graduates have faced record levels of unemployment. This situation has lead people to question what they value about higher education. Some high school students and their parents are wondering if a college education is worth the cost. Others, however, believe that a college prepares students for more than just a job or career. Many people then present the counter argument that people like Bill Gates, Steve Jobs, and Mark Zuckerberg did not have a college degree, bu t unlike themRead MoreCollege Education Is Worth The Cost892 Words   |  4 PagesCollege Education In the article written by Rodney K.Smith he puts forward a clear argument about â€Å"Yes, a College Education is Worth the Cost.† There are more opportunities and doors open for those with higher education compared to those without. Higher education allows people to live in better neighborhoods; it brings financial security and stability. Financially secured people not only are able to afford extracurricular activities for their kids, such as sports, music lessons, art, dancing etc

Cloud Privacy and Security-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: Discuss about the Security threat and risks evolving in the Australian Stare Government with the Implication of DAS in the scenario. Answer: Introduction Cloud Computing is an emerging topic in the modern world of Internet Technology. It has created many advancement in the market of technology. The deployment models of cloud computing has provided risks and security in the business organization. There are different types of applications are used in the cloud computing that helps in managing the risks and security threat issues in the business organisation. This report deals with the risks and threats in security of the data and information in the Department of Administrative Services (DAS). There are various risks discussed in the report after the implementation of the SaaS application in the DAS. This report outlines the distinguishing factor between SaaS cloud services and DAS services. This risks and threats involved are discussed in the report. The Department of Administrative Services (DAS) The Department of Administrative Services acts as an administrative body for providing help and space to save financial funds and information of different companies in the market. The Department of Administrative Services used to store various data related to the business organisation in the market (Carver Wolsey, 2015). The Department of Administrative Services includes different accounts payable application, administrative management and payroll service in the agreement. The use of DAS has helped in maintaining the data and security of the data in the organisation. The financial stability of the companies are maintained by securing the data and information regarding the financial data of the company (McNeil, Frey Embrechts, 2015). The DAS helps in controlling the accounts and budget and other procurement services in the organisation. The shared approach of DAS controls the database of the Australian State government. This approach has helped in maintaining a centralized database management system. The data and information of the employee of government are stored in the centralized database. This helps in accessing the database form anywhere in the state (Lam, 2014). The communication making different employee have enhanced with this approach. The Australian Government has also succeeded in providing consolidated services to the employee in the organisation. The shared approach have maintained a distinctive approach towards the security of the data and information. Security risk and threats in data and information in DAS There are various security risks availing in the shared approach implemented by the DAS in the Australian State government. Some of the major risks are mentioned below: Excessive privileges The use of the centralised database system in the DAS has helped in enhancing the access to the database of the company. Different users can access the data and information of the employee at anytime. This has caused security risks in the company (Smith et al., 2015). The unauthorised user can leak the data and information of the employee in the market. The payroll accounting information of the employee can be lost due to data breaching in the database. Therefore, due to excessive privileges employee are generic to access the database and causes data loss for the company in the market. This can be very harmful for the company regarding the financial loss of the company. Privilege Abuse There are various legitimate issues in the databases that are identified with the shared approaches of the DAS in the market. Many private information if the employee are stored in the database that can be hacked and breached. The login credentials including user id and passwords are stored in the database that might cause a big loss for the company (Neves et al., 2014). The other employee and staffs might bad use the data and information of employee in the company. This has caused privilege abuse of data and information of the employee. Input Injection in Database There are two types of database injection including NoSQL Injection and SQL Injection. The SQL injection contains the unauthorised statement of the database caused during the input session in web application (Koks et al., 2015). The NoSQL injection attacks can be done by injecting malicious statements in the Big Data components. These attacks cause data breach from the database. Malware There are different malwares and viruses that can be injected in the server and database to track data and information stored in the database. Various viruses and malwares are used for making phishing mails to breach data from database. These viruses and malwares can crash the hardware causing full loss in data from database (DeMarco Lister, 2013). The recovery of data and information is a difficult process for the company to handle. Therefore, the malware attack is a high-level risk for the database system in Department of Administrative Services. Other security risks after implementing SaaS application The security matter of the data and information in the database is a prime concern for the company in the market. The DAS has implemented the SaaS application by observing the limitations in the Shared approach. The cloud computing has a trending topic in the market. The SaaS application is based on the cloud computing that helps in enabling all the services provided by the cloud computing (Marcelino-Sdaba et al., 2014). There are some limitations of the SaaS applications that are mentioned below: Security of the Employee data The SaaS application involves the services by the cloud computing in the market. The data and information of the employee are stored in the cloud server using internet. Therefore, there is a chance for the cyber-attacks on the SaaS application. The SaaS application is connected with the cloud server over the Internet (Pritchard PMP, 2014). The security of the data and information are maintained by different security protocols that are installed in the SaaS application. Although there is a chance of cyber-attacks on the application that can cause data loss in the company. Privacy of the Employee Data The privacy of data and information of the employee in the organisation are secured properly. The sensitive data of the employee. The cloud deployment model including the SaaS application helps in controlling the account details of the employee in the organisation. Therefore, the private information of the employee are stored in the SaaS application. The hacker can hack the private data of the employee from the SaaS application (Schwalbe, 2015). The private data include the phone number, address of the employee and other personal dat. These data loss might cause a huge loss to the employee. The private data and information of the employee are important to be secured by providing proper security protocol in the cloud server. The SaaS application provide different software for the service in the company. Digital Identity Issue As mentioned by Haimes, (2015), the employees of the organisation are provided with a digital identity that helps in controlling the data breach in the organisation. The digital identity contains all type of data and information of the employee in the organisation. Therefore, the access to the digital identity can cause a huge loss to the company. The hackers might hack the digital identity and breach the data stored in the server. The digital identity acts as an authentication factor for the employee in the organisation. There are important data and information stored in the digital identity. Provider Solution Issue There are various security tools installed in the SaaS application that helps in protecting the data loss in the organisation. The data and information are shared with the cloud service provider. Therefore, the hackers can attack the main server of the service provider and hack the data from there. Therefore, there is a high-level risk involved in the service provider side. The legal standards and rights have to be strong for the cyber security over the internet. Data Sensitivity The sensitivity of the data and information refers to the necessity of the data in the market. The sensitive data is stored over the internet with high security provided by the cloud server. There is a huge risk of losing the sensitive data due to the cyber-attacks. As stated by Teller Kock, (2013), these cyber-attacks are severe for cracking the security protocols of the cloud server. The security certificates of cloud server are not updated properly causing prone to hack. The cloud industry is pushing the standards to the level that helps in maintaining the data and information of the employee in the cloud service by the SaaS application. Security and risks in the SaaS application The Department of Administrative Services has able to apply the Cloud first approach that helpsmin maintaining te data and information in the ckiud server. There are vatius risks and security threats of the data I the database (Kerzner, 2013). The unauthenticated users of the database might cause breach in the database. The attacker tries to access the security protocol installed in the cloud server. The accountancy payroll and financial information of the employee are stored in the cloud server that might be lost due to these stacks. Therefore, the private information of the employee are stored in the SaaS application. The secured data and information of the employee are stored in the SaaS application. The centralized data format provides access to all the data and information of the employee in the organisation. Therefore, this is a high-level risk in the security of the data and information of the employee. The SaaS application involves the services by the cloud computing in the m arket. The data and information of the employee are stored in the cloud server-using internet. Therefore, there is a chance for the cyber-attacks on the SaaS application. The SaaS application is connected with the cloud server over the Internet. The security of the data and information are maintained by different security protocols that are installed in the SaaS application. Although there is a chance of cyber-attacks on the application that can cause data loss in the company. Figure 1: SaaS (Source: Haimes, 2015) The HR department of the organisation provides various information of the employee in the organisation. The Shared approach have caused difficulties for the employee as there information are shared to everyone in the organisation. The Australian government has able to provide different consolidated service to the employee by the use of the shared approach of Department of Administrative Services. The framework for the security issues has been prepared for maintaining various vulnerabilities of cloud security problems. Privacy of employee data in SaaS application The private data of the employee including mobile number and address are stored in the database of the cloud server. This information is used for creation of an account in the database of the company. The data privacy is a confidential part of the company and data integrity has to be maintained in the organisation. The DNS and Mac address of the SaaS application have neglected the threat of cyber-attacks in the organisation. Therefore, the threat of cyber-attacks has been increased in the organisation privacy of the SaaS application is in the organisation. The DNS configuration of the organisation has hacked by the intruders. The intruders have breached the data stored in the online server out. Figure 2: Risks in SaaS (Source: Ndungo, Tobias Florence, 2017 Threats and risks to digital identities of Government employees from the move to SaaS applications The government has provided the digital identities to the employee. This digital identity contains all the necessary information. The digital identity of the employee helps in authenticating the employability in the company (Ndungo, Tobias Florence, 2017). The external attackers can be effective for the security if the infrastructure of the company in the market. The risks management in the company has been initiated for maintaining the risks and security treats involved in it. The employee have to upload the data at a fixed time to complete the data transparency in the organization. Figure 3: Risk management in cloud (Source: No et al., 2017) The digital devices are connected with the internet on the cloud. Therefore, the data and information can be hacked from the cloud server over the internet. The data accessed by digital identity can be breached out by any attackers. The malicious users and employee can damage the database and breach all the data in the database (Agca et al., 2017). The data stored in the online server are monitored in order to maintain the security level of the data and information stored in the SaaS application. The data and information of the employee are secured in the cloud server that can be hacked by the hackers. Therefore, there is a high-level risk involved in the use of the digital identity in the government. Operational Solution using SaaS application The challenges that are listed in the report are related to the security threats of the data and information in the Australian State Government. The use of the SaaS application has helped in managing the security of the data and information in the organization. The COTS and Microsoft Share Point PaaS have provided services to the Australian government. The companies have helped in storing the data and information of the employee of the governmental agencies. The SaaS providers have interconnected the applications with the cloud server that has provided various benefits including less cost in external hardware (No et al., 2017). The HR department and Contractor management has helped in maintaining the risk assessment in the organization. This assessment of risk has minimized the about of risks prevailing in the cyber world of the company. The cyber security of the organization has helped in providing operational solution to the service providers. These providers have been providing cloud services that has been promoting the cultural diversity in the work environment (Chu et al., 2017). There are various new services provided by the cloud service providers that includes the enhanced quality of firewall that restricts the viruses and malwares to enter into the cloud server. The HR department of the companies gave helped in understanding the needs of the employees in the companies. Communication among the employees have enhanced with the implementation of the Shared approach in the DAS. The Data protection Act has helped in protecting the personal information of the employee Conclusion It can be concluded that the cloud computing has helped in storing the data and information of the employee of the company. The risk management is integral element of the organization to secure their data and information of the employee. The DAS has implemented the shared approach that has shown many limitations including the excessive privilege. The HR department has been affected by the shared approach of the DAS in the organization. The DAS has then approved the SaaS application with the Cloud first approach that helps in storing the data and information online in the cloud. There are some limitations including the cyber-attacks. The use of government digital identity has helped in making a proper data record of the employee and store in the cloud server. The Data protection Act 1998 has helped in securing the data of the employee and are not shared with anyone without any permission. References Andersen, T. J., Roggi, O. (2016). Strategic Risk Management and Corporate Value Creation. Barger, L. K., OBrien, C., Sullivan, J., Wang, W., Lockley, S., Qadri, S., ... Czeisler, C. A. 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